• Today, The Real Estate Roundtable held an all-member virtual town hall to discuss major provisions within the 725-page Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) of 2022. The Roundtable is working with its policy advisory committees and national real estate organization partners to assess how details in the bill language could impact CRE.  
• Real Estate Roundtable President Jeffrey DeBoer stated, “The Roundtable is engaged with policymakers and Capitol Hill staff on the potential impact of the proposed bill on real estate capital formation, economic growth, clean energy investments, and affordable housing development. The industry is working together to mitigate any negative consequences for CRE before policymakers hold an eventual vote on a final bill."

• The IRA’s largest tax increase is a new 15% corporate minimum tax on businesses with profits over $1B whose reported book income exceeds reported taxable income. The measure is estimated to raise $313B. The package also includes protections that would preserve the value of the low-income housing tax credit for investors (typically large banks) that use the credit to reduce their effective tax rate.
• The smallest tax increase would raise $14B in revenue by extending the capital gains holding period requirement for carried interest from 3 years to 5 years, although there is an exemption for real estate. Additionally, there are technical reforms to the holding period rules for measuring the 3- or 5-year holding period. (Deloitte Tax News & Views, July 29)
• The carried interest holding period change includes a real estate exception for gain associated with assets used in a real property trade or business. The language in the IRA on carried interest is identical to text in the House Ways and Means Committee’s previous reconciliation bill last year—language that was dropped from the version that passed the full House. (Roundtable Weekly, Sept. 17, 2021)
• The Schumer-Manchin agreement also proposes significant reforms to Section 179D—the tax code’s main provision to incentivize energy efficient commercial buildings. The 179D reforms are geared to encourage more existing building “retrofits” although maximum incentives amounts depend on compliance with heightened wage and labor standards.
• Tax incentives are also included to encourage investments in solar panels, energy storage, and EV charging stations. (See Summary of the bill’s Energy Security and Climate Change Investments)

• There are several challenges to the Senate Democrats’ timeline for passage of the bill in early August. 
• Senate Democrats need all 50 members of their caucus present for an eventual budget reconciliation vote, along with Vice President Kamala Harris to break an anticipated tie with 50 Republicans. Yet Covid-19 infections have caused recent absences. (The Hill, July 28) 
• The bill was sent to Senate Parliamentarian Elizabeth MacDonough to see if it conforms with reconciliation budget rules, a process that will spill over into next week. (BGov, July 29)
• Arizona Democratic Senator Kyrsten Sinema is a key centrist vote, considering she has long opposed changes to the taxation of carried interest. Sinema’s spokesperson Hannah Hurley said yesterday that the Senator is “reviewing the text and will need to review what comes out of the parliamentarian process.” (BGov, July 29) 

This week’s flurry of key economic data offered mixed signals about the state of the economy and whether the Federal Reserve’s interest rate increases can slow inflation without causing a significant increase in unemployment—a “soft landing” that could prevent a full-blown recession before the mid-term elections. (The Hill, July 28)

Economic Slowdown & Inflation

• POLITICO described the week as a “Category 5 storm of economic news.” Developments included a drop in the consumer confidence index for the third straight month; an increase in the Fed funds rate by another 75 basis points; and a drop in the gross domestic product (GDP) at an annual rate of 0.9 percent.
  
  
• Additionally, the Commerce Department reported today that the personal consumption expenditures price index (PCE)—a key inflation gauge closely tracked by the Fed—rose 1.0% increase last month and increased 6.8% since last June, the largest spike since January 1982. (Reuters and CNBC, July 29)
  
  
• President Biden responded, “It’s no surprise that the economy is slowing down as the Federal Reserve acts to bring down inflation.” (White House statement, July 28)
  
  
• Fed Chair Jerome Powell commented after the increase in interest rates. “I do not think the U.S. is currently in a recession. And the reason is there are just too many areas of the economy that are performing too well. The labor market has remained extremely tight, with the unemployment rate near a 50-year low, job vacancies near historical highs, and wage growth elevated. We think there's a path for us to be able to bring inflation down while sustaining a strong labor market.” (Federal Reserve press conference transcript, July 27)
  
  
• The recent rise in interest rates are starting to hamper commercial real estate transactions and values. The Wall Street Journal reported on July 26 that “banks are lending less and charging higher interest rates for the loans they make to owners and buyers of office buildings, shopping centers and other commercial real estate.”

GDP & Jobs

• Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen yesterday addressed this week’s drop in GDP. “Most economists and most Americans have a similar definition of recession: a broad-based weakening of our economy. That is not what we're seeing right now.” She added, “Job creation is continuing, household finances remain strong, consumers are spending, and businesses are growing.” (Treasury Department press conference transcript, July 28)
  
  
• Two straight quarters of economic contraction is usually considered a “technical” recession. Yet The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBR), as the official designator of recessions, has not released a decision yet based on the recent economic data. NBR bases its analysis of a wide variety of economic indicators such as employment, personal income, durable goods, housing permits, and other factors. (The Washington Post, July 27 and CNBC, July 26)
  
  
• White House economist Brian Deese commented on NBR and this week’s economic data on CNBC yesterday. “We’re certainly in a transition and we are seeing slowing as we all would have expected,” Deese said, “but if you look at the full data and the type of data that NBR looks at, nothing signals that this period in the second quarter is recessionary in the labor market.” (CNBC, July 28)

Roundtable Chair John F. Fish (Chairman & CEO, Suffolk), above, was interviewed July 27 on Bloomberg Markets: Americas about current economic conditions and real estate. He commented on the industry’s challenges, including fractious land use policy, supply shortages, and cost drivers. National economic conditions affecting CRE and the Fed’s monetary policies will be a focus during The Roundtable’s Fall Meeting on Sept. 21-22 in Washington, DC.

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The Biden administration issued new guidance this week that gives local and state governments greater flexibility when using their share of $350 billion in COVID-19 federal relief funds for affordable housing. The changes are in line with the administration’s recent Housing Supply Action Plan, which aims to boost the supply of affordable housing in communities throughout the nation. (Treasury Dept. news release, July 27 and Roundtable Weekly, May 20)

Expanded Use of Pandemic Funds

• The Treasury guidance allows a portion of the Coronavirus funds dedicated to state and local recovery to finance long-term affordable housing loans, including low-income housing tax credit (LIHTC) projects. (Affordable Housing Finance, July 27, 2022 and Roundtable Weekly, March 12, 2021)
  
  
• Treasury has also updated its guidance to clarify two “presumptively eligible” ways to use the pandemic rescue funds for affordable housing. (Treasury Dept., How to Use State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds for Affordable Housing Production and Preservation)
  
  
• The National Council of State Housing Agencies reported, “The new guidance, which is effective immediately, allows states and localities to make long-term loans to affordable housing developments, as long as units are targeted to tenants earning 65% of the area median income or lower for a minimum of 20 years.”

How-To Guide

• Treasury and the Department of Housing and Urban Development have also jointly published a “How-To” Guide to show governments ways of combining pandemic aid with other sources of federal funding.
  
  
• According to the guide, recipients of Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds (SLFRF) can “acquire properties that will be transitioned into affordable housing for households that experienced the negative economic impacts of the pandemic. This could include acquisition of market rate rental properties, motels, or commercial properties that will be converted to affordable housing, or acquisition and preservation of publicly supported affordable housing.”
  
  
• SLFRF may also be used to “finance retrofits and weatherization of properties to improve energy efficiency, potentially by leveraging new federal funding such as the Department of Energy’s Weatherization Assistance Program, or infrastructure resources.”
  
  
• Over the coming months, Treasury plans to conduct a series of webinars and briefings with states, local governments, nonprofits, and private sector entities involved in the development and preservation of affordable housing.

Multifamily Response

• The National Multifamily Housing Council (NMHC) and National Apartment Association (NAA) applauded the flexibility provided by the new guidance.
  
  
• NMHC also unveiled new research this week showing the need for the U.S. to produce 4.3 million more apartments by 2035 to address the underbuilding of housing after the 2008 financial crisis.

In conjunction with the study’s release, the website www.WeAreApartments.org breaks down the data by each state and 50 key metro areas.

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The North American Securities Administrators Association (NASAA) is seeking public comment on proposed revisions to its Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts. The July 12 proposal would update the conduct standards for brokers selling non-traded REITs with references to the SEC’s Best Interest conduct standard. (NASAA news release, July 12 and Investment News, July 25)

Proposed Changes

• The Institute for Portfolio Alternatives (IPA) reports that the four proposed revisions under consideration by NASAA would:

1. Update the conduct standards for brokers selling non-traded REITs by supplementing the suitability section with references to the SEC’s best interest conduct standard.
   
   
2. Update to the individual net income and net worth requirements—up to (a) $95,000 minimum annual gross income and $95,000 minimum net worth, or (b) a minimum net worth of $340,000—in the suitability section, by adjusting upward to account for inflation since 2007.
   
   
3. Add a uniform concentration limitation prohibiting an aggregate investment in the issuer, its affiliates, and other non-traded direct participation programs that exceeds 10% of the purchaser’s liquid net worth. Liquid net worth would be defined as that component of an investor’s net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities. [NOTE: There is no carve out for accredited or other sophisticated investors.]
   
   
4. Include, in multiple sections, a new prohibition against using gross offering proceeds to fund distributions, “a controversial product feature used by some non-traded REIT sponsors . . . having the potential to confuse and mislead retail investors.”

Potential Impact

• The proposed revisions have the potential to influence other sets of NASAA Guidelines under development, including those for Asset-Backed Securities, Commodity Pools, Equipment Leasing, Mortgage Programs and Real Estate Programs other than REITs. (NASAA Request for Public Comment, July 12)
  
  
• NASAA works to coordinate state regulation of broker-dealers, investment advisers and securities offerings—including non-traded REITs, which are publicly offered REITs not listed on any exchange.
  
  
• NASAA’s Corporation Finance Section Committee Chair and Ohio Securities Commissioner Andrea Seidt said, “The REIT guidelines have not been updated for more than 15 years and these revisions are long overdue. If adopted, the proposed revisions will make key inflationary adjustments to existing suitability standards and promote uniformity in state concentration limits, both of which are key to limiting retail investor risk.” (NASAA news release, July 12)

Final comments on NASAA’s 44-page request are due by Aug. 11, 2022. The Real Estate Roundtable is working with several other organizations on a coalition response. Roundtable members can direct their comments and questions to Roundtable Senior Vice President Chip Rodgers or call 202-639-8400.

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