View Full Report – 2023 Annual Report – Sustained Strength, Sustained Solutions
Tag: Housing
Roundtable Comments on Clean Energy Tax Credits for Low-Income Communities, Housing
The Real Estate Roundtable submitted comments today on a proposed rule from the IRS and Treasury Department regarding “bonus” tax credits for renewable energy investments in low-income communities, passed by Congress as part of the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). (Roundtable Comment Letter, June 30)
Solar, Wind Bonus Credits
- IRA Section 48(e) establishes a Low-Income Communities Bonus Credit Program to address climate, affordable housing, and environmental justice challenges. (Treasury news release, Feb. 13, 2023)
- Taxpayers must apply to the IRS through a competitive process to receive any bonus credits under the Program.
- The bonus can provide extra tax credits to help cover the costs of solar, wind, and storage facilities. See The Roundtable’s chart, “Base” and “Bonus Rate” Amounts Relevant to Commercial and Multifamily Buildings (May 25, 2023).
- Taxpayers who qualify can layer an extra 10% bonus—above “base rate” credit amounts—for renewable projects in low-income communities defined in the IRA as census tracts that qualify for new markets tax credits.
- The bonus can increase to an extra 20% for clean energy investments that are part of low-income rental housing—such as housing supported by LIHTCs or Section 8 “housing choice” vouchers.
Roundtable Comments
- Treasury and IRS proposed a rule on June 1 to implement the low-income bonus program. Today’s comments from The Roundtable seek greater clarity and certainty for building owners that may access the bonus credits, raising the following points:
- The bonuses are available only for solar or wind projects that generate under 5 megawatts of electrical output. The Roundtable requested a more straightforward rule for what constitutes a “single project” for purposes of this output threshold.
- The IRA’s text requires that multifamily building owners must share “financial benefits” of renewable energy produced on-site with tenants. The Roundtable’s comments stressed that any such benefits should not depend on utility bill savings that accrue directly to tenants—because owners cannot measure, track or control energy consumption in sub-metered leased units.
- Low-income housing supported by non-federal programs through state- and local-level housing finance agencies or public housing authorities should also be eligible for the IRA’s low-income bonuses.
- The proposed rule would offer a preference, not based in the statute, for non-profit owners to receive bonus credit allocations. The Roundtable’s comments urge there should be no bias against business taxpayers to receive the bonus to further the Biden administration’s climate policy goals for rapid deployment of renewable energy investments in low-income communities.
- The bonuses are available only for solar or wind projects that generate under 5 megawatts of electrical output. The Roundtable requested a more straightforward rule for what constitutes a “single project” for purposes of this output threshold.
- Future Roundtable comments on IRA topics are in the works. Feedback on a proposed rule to buy-and-sell certain clean energy credits is due August 14. In addition, proposed rules to implement the 179D tax deduction for energy efficient retrofits of commercial buildings are expected this summer.
Prior comments, information and summaries on The Roundtable’s advocacy efforts regarding clean energy tax incentives are available on our Inflation Reduction Act resources page and in Roundtable Weekly (Dec. 2, 2022 and Nov. 4, 2022).
# # #
Roundtable and Industry Coalitions Urge Congress to Act on Affordable Housing Measures
The Real Estate Roundtable and 18 other real estate organizations urged Congress on May 23 to work with the Biden administration, housing providers, lenders, and other stakeholders to pursue bipartisan solutions to increase the nation’s supply of housing. (Coalition letter, May 23)
“Yes in My Backyard”
- This week’s joint letter from the Housing Affordability Coalition detailed a wide range of legislative proposals and policy measures that lawmakers should immediately enact to address the nation’s housing affordability crisis.
- The industry coalition supports legislation that would eliminate harmful land use policies, promote affordable housing near public transit, and support local government efforts to expand housing supply.
- Separately, The Roundtable joined another coalition of 285 housing, business, and municipal organizations with a show of focused support for the bipartisan, bicameral Yes In My Back Yard (YIMBY) Act, reintroduced on May 18. (YIMBY Coalition letter)
- The bill requires localities that receive certain federal HUD grants to submit a public report on whether they have local policies in place that remove exclusionary zoning tactics. Encouraging high-density development is “an essential first step in decreasing barriers to new housing of all price levels,” the YIMBY Act coalition letter states.
- The YIMBY Act passed the House without opposition in 2020. It is championed in the Senate (S. 1688) by Todd Young (R-IN) and Brian Schatz (D-HI), and in the House (H.R. 3507) by Reps. Derek Kilmer (D-WA) and Mike Flood (R-NE). (YIMBY Act summary by Up for Growth)
Tax Measures
- This week’s Housing Affordability Coalition letter encourages Congress to expand the low-income housing tax credit, create a new middle-income housing tax credit, and establish a dedicated tax incentive to promote the conversion of underutilized office and commercial buildings to rental housing.
- The letter also supports tax measures that have not been reintroduced yet in the 118th Congress, including incentives to encourage neighborhood revitalization, accelerated depreciation of high-performance building equipment, and reduction of the basis increase necessary to qualify a multifamily rehabilitation project for Opportunity Zone purposes.
- The industry coalition expressed support for the Biden administration’s proposed solutions such as its Housing Supply Action Plan and investments that are part of its FY2024 federal budget proposal. (Roundtable Weekly, May 22, 2022 and White House fact sheet, March 9, 2023)
On March 7, the National Multifamily Housing Council (NMHC) and National Apartment Association (NAA) offered joint testimony before a Senate Finance Committee hearing on “Tax Policy’s Role in Increasing Affordable Housing Supply for Working Families.” (Roundtable Weekly, March 10)
# # #
Lawmakers Reintroduce Bill to Reform, Expand the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit
Bipartisan, bicameral legislation introduced last Thursday would significantly expand and improve the low-income housing tax credit (LIHTC). The tax credit, strongly supported by The Real Estate Roundtable, subsidizes the construction, rehabilitation, and preservation of affordable rental housing for low- and moderate-income tenants.
Increasing Supply
- The Affordable Housing Credit Improvement Act (AHCIA) would finance nearly two million affordable homes over the next 10 years. (Affordable Housing Tax Credit Coalition, 2023)
- Led by Sens. Maria Cantwell (D-WA) and Todd Young (R-IN), along with Reps. Darin LaHood (R-IL) and Suzan DelBene (D-WA), the AHCIA (H.R. 3238 and S. 1557) has already garnered nearly 90 cosponsors.
- Roundtable President and CEO Jeffrey DeBoer said, “The low-income housing tax credit is a critical and well-designed tool that addresses a pressing issue throughout the country–the lack of affordable rental housing. LIHTC harnesses market forces and the power of the private sector to incentivize the construction and rehabilitation of affordable homes. Countless studies have demonstrated LIHTC’s cost-effectiveness. Inflation has taken a toll on working Americans, but Congress can help reduce the burden of high housing costs by passing the AHCIA reforms.”
- A March 7 Senate Finance Committee hearing showed bipartisan policymaker consensus on the need to increase the supply of affordable housing by expanding the LIHTC and other tax incentives. The National Multifamily Housing Council (NMHC) and National Apartment Association (NAA), two key supporters of the AHCIA, offered joint testimony during the hearing. (Roundtable Weekly, March 10)
AHCIA Provisions
- A summary of the AHCIA is available here. Among its many provisions, the legislation would:
- Boost the allocation of low-income housing credits to states by restoring the temporary 12.5% increase enacted in 2018 (expired at the end of 2021) and phasing in a 50% increase in the LIHTC allocation cap over two years.
- Lower the threshold of private activity bond financing—from 50 to 25%—required to trigger the maximum amount of 4% housing credits available to individual properties.
- The bill would also ensure that low-income housing credit projects that seek to maximize their energy efficiency through use of the section 179D commercial building deduction are not penalized by existing provisions of the law that reduce the basis of the development by the 179D deduction amount.
- This change would conform the LIHTC/179D rules to be consistent with those that apply to LIHTC and other energy tax incentives, such as the section 48 investment tax credit. (See the bill’s section 309, page 31 and The Roundtable’s Fact Sheet: “IRA Clean Energy Tax Incentives Relevant to U.S. Real Estate”, April 6)
- While movement on LIHTC legislation is unlikely before the debt ceiling debate is resolved, the broad-based, bipartisan support for AHCIA could lead to Congressional action on the bill later in the year. (News – The Affordable Housing Tax Credit Coalition)
Domestic Content
- In related news, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) released a notice this week on “made in the USA” guidance that can increase clean energy tax credits. The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) offers a “bonus” tax credit of up to 10% for solar, wind, battery storage, and other projects that use iron, steel, and components manufactured in the U.S. (JD Supra, May 16)
The “domestic content” notice provides initial guidance until the Treasury Department proposes rules on the subject. A fact sheet prepared by The Roundtable keeps track of various federal agency actions that implement IRA tax incentives of significance to the real estate sector.
# # #
Real Estate Coalition Backs Bill to Support Multifamily Housing Construction
The Real Estate Roundtable and 11 other national industry organizations on May 2 expressed their support for legislation that would bolster the Federal Housing Administration’s (FHA) ability to finance multifamily housing construction throughout the country. The joint letter backed a discussion draft released on April 26 by Sen. Bob Menendez (D-NJ) before a Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee hearing, “Building Consensus to Address Housing Challenges.” (Coalition letter)
Housing Supply Constraints
- The industry coalition letter noted how FHA’s base statutory limits define the number and size of multifamily mortgages that the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) can insure nationwide. The letter also emphasized how FHA’s multifamily insurance programs need to capture the true cost of current apartment construction using a more accurate price index.
- Menendez, a senior member of the Banking Committee, stated during the hearing that his measure would increase FHA’s multifamily lending authority throughout the country for the first time in 20 years, enable the agency to better support apartment construction, and ultimately bring down rental costs. (Hearing video clip and Menendez news release, April 26)
- FHA’s statutory limits are now significantly below current multifamily construction costs, which poses an unintentional regulatory barrier to middle-income housing.
- The joint letter also recommended that FHA track residential construction costs more accurately by changing the index used for future annual inflationary adjustments—from the Consumer Price Index (CPI) to the Census Bureau’s Price Deflator Index of Multifamily Residential Units Under Construction.
- FHA’s base limits for 2022 would be 26% higher than their current estimates by using the Price Deflator index instead of CPI.
- FHA’s current limits and inaccurate price index now consider communities throughout the nation—from Columbia, South Carolina to Cleveland, Ohio—as “high-cost areas,” thereby constraining urgently needed workforce housing projects across the country.
Other Legislation
- Other housing issues discussed during the hearing included zoning and land use regulation, limiting regulation, and the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC).
- Senate Banking Committee Ranking Member Tim Scott (R-SC), above, discussed his newly proposed discussion draft of the Renewing Opportunity in the American Dream (ROAD) to Housing Act, which seeks to reform housing programs and prioritize HUD grants to recipients located in communities designated as Opportunity Zones.
- The National Multifamily Housing Council (NMHC) and National Apartment Association (NAA) submitted testimony for the April 26 committee hearing. (NMHC news release summary, May 1)
As Congress aims to advance bipartisan housing bills in the coming months, The Roundtable will continue to support innovative policy solutions and development incentives to develop increase the supply of affordable housing.
# # #
Congressional Tax Writers Focus on Policies to Increase Supply of Affordable Housing
Legislation aimed at increasing the nation’s supply of affordable housing was introduced by Senate and House tax writers this week while the National Multifamily Housing Council (NMHC) and National Apartment Association (NAA) offered joint testimony before a March 7 Senate Finance Committee hearing on “Tax Policy’s Role in Increasing Affordable Housing Supply for Working Families.” (NMHC President Sharon Wilson Géno, above and MarketWatch, March 9)
Solutions to Meet the Need
- A new report from real estate brokerage Redfin shows that the number of affordable home listings fell 53% from last year—the largest annual drop in Redfin’s records, which date back to 2013. (The Hill and Redfin news release, March 3)
- The National Low Income Housing Coalition estimates there is a shortage of 7 million affordable and available rental homes in the United States, while a Rosen Consulting Group study reports the underbuilding gap is 5.5 million units.
- This week’s Senate hearing displayed bipartisan policymaker consensus on the need to increase the supply of affordable housing by expanding the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) and other tax incentives. (TaxNotes, March 8 and Congressional Research Service, “An Introduction to the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit”)
- During the hearing, NMHC President Sharon Wilson Géno offered joint testimony that included recommendations to address the affordable housing crisis, including tax policy, regulatory reform, rental assistance, and development incentives. (NHMC News | Video of Géno’s remarks and Written testimony, March 7)
Senate Bills
- Senate Finance Committee Chairman Ron Wyden (D-OR), above, noted his support for the Affordable Housing Credit Improvement Act (AHCI), the Neighborhood Homes Investment Act, and the reintroduction of the Decent, Affordable, Safe Housing for All (DASH) Act in his opening comments.
- Wyden’s DASH Act would strengthen the LIHTC and offer a new Middle-Income Housing Tax Credit (MIHTC) that would provide a tax credit to developers who house tenants between 60 and 100% of the area’s median income. (DASH Act Text | Bill Summary | Section-by-section)
- The AHCI would expand the pool of tax credits allocated to states for new affordable housing, make it easier to combine LIHTC with other sources of capital like private activity bonds, and facilitate LIHTC rehab projects.
- Wyden added in his opening comments, “Members of Congress also need to keep pushing state and local authorities to cut back on the thicket of zoning rules that get in the way of building the housing Americans need.”
- The Roundtable has supported these Senate bills since they were introduced last year. Real Estate Roundtable President and CEO Jeffrey DeBoer previously stated, “Overly restrictive land-use and zoning policies, construction cost increases, and labor shortages are deepening our housing challenges, which now extend across the entire country. Government at all levels needs to be part of the solution, not part of the problem.” (Roundtable Weekly, July 22, 2022)
House Action
- Reintroduction of similar LIHTC legislation in the House is expected by Reps. Suzan DelBene (D-WA) and Brian Higgins (D-NY). (BGov, March 2)
- Additionally, House Ways and Means Tax Subcommittee Chair Mike Kelly (R-PA) and committee member Jimmy Panetta (D-CA) on March 1 reintroduced the More Homes on the Market Act, which would double the capital gains exclusion for home sellers to $500,000 for single individuals and $1 million for married couples. (TaxNotes, March 8)
Despite widespread congressional support for certain affordable housing legislation, prospects for the bills are uncertain until the national debt ceiling issue is addressed—and a tax legislative package is identified that could include such measures.
# # #
Real Estate Coalition Raises Concerns About White House Directive for Federal Agencies to Strengthen Tenant Protections
A coalition of 12 national real estate organizations raised concerns this week about the Biden administration’s “Blueprint for a Renters Bill of Rights,” which directs federal agencies to strengthen tenant protections. (White House Fact Sheet and Coalition statement, Jan. 25 and GlobeSt, Jan. 26)
Industry Response
- The White House on Wednesday issued the “Blueprint” that includes a set of principles to encourage voluntary private sector actions that increase affordable rental units—and drive action by the federal government, state and local partners on tenant rights enforcement. The administration will also launch an effort in the spring to get local governments and housing providers involved in a “Resident-Centered Housing Challenge.” (White House Blueprint for a Renters Bill of Rights and The Washington Post, Jan. 25)
- The real estate coalition, which includes the National Multifamily Housing Council (NMHC), expressed disappointment that the White House announcement was “solely focused on renter protections, creating potentially duplicative and onerous federal regulations that interfere with state and local laws meant to govern the housing provider and resident relationship.” (Coalition statement, Jan. 25)
- NMCH also issued a statement that acknowledged the White House action did not include the threat of a national rent control policy—and urged the administration to prioritize implementation of its Housing Supply Action Plan issued last May. “The best renter protection is an abundant supply of housing,” NMHC stated.
Affordable Housing Solutions
- The administration’s Housing Supply Action Plan includes zoning incentives and government financing to address an estimated shortfall of 7 million units for low-income renters nationwide. It aims to create hundreds of thousands of affordable housing units in the next three years, with the goal of closing the nation’s housing supply shortfall in five years. (Roundtable Weekly, May 20, 2022 | PoliticoPro, May 16, 2022 | National Low Income Housing Coalition, April 2022)
- On the legislative front, congressional committees showed support last year for the Affordable Housing Credit Improvement Act (S. 1136). The bill (detailed summary here) has not been reintroduced yet in the 118th Congress. The measure would expand the pool of tax credits allocated to states for new affordable housing, make it easier to combine the Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) with other sources of capital like private activity bonds, and facilitate LIHTC rehab projects. (National Multi-Housing News, Jan. 16)
- Real Estate Roundtable President and CEO Jeffrey DeBoer said, “Overly restrictive land-use and zoning policies, construction cost increases, and labor shortages are deepening our housing challenges, which now extend across the entire country. Government at all levels needs to be part of the solution, not part of the problem. The Affordable Housing Credit Improvement Act would be an important step forward.” (Roundtable Weekly, July 22, 2022)
The Roundtable’s Real Estate Capital Policy Advisory Committee (RECPAC) has formed an Affordable Housing Working Group, which is working with the Research Committee to develop proposals on expanding the nation’s housing infrastructure.
# # #
2022 Annual Report – Building a More Resilient and Dynamic Future
Supreme Court Blocks CDC’s Latest Eviction Ban
The U.S. Supreme Court struck the Biden Administration’s nationwide ban on residential tenant evictions yesterday, ruling that only Congress has the authority to enact such a moratorium through legislation. (New York Times, Aug. 27; Wall St. Journal, Aug. 27)
The Legal Challenge
The high court’s conservatives issued a majority, 6-3 opinion striking the latest iteration of the eviction ban issued by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) on Aug. 3. (Roundtable Weekly, Aug. 20). “If a federally imposed eviction moratorium is to continue, Congress must specifically authorize it,” the Justices decided.
- The gist of the ruling is that the CDC’s public health role could not be stretched so far to encompass the federal ban. “[T]he CDC has imposed a nationwide moratorium on evictions in reliance on a decades-old statute that authorizes it to implement measures like fumigation and pest extermination,” the majority wrote. “It strains credulity to believe that this statute grants the CDC the sweeping authority that it asserts.”
- The majority recognized the financial burden on landlords deprived of rent payments with no guarantee of recovery. “Despite the CDC’s determination that landlords should bear a significant financial cost of the pandemic, many landlords have modest means” the majority wrote. “And preventing them from evicting tenants who breach their leases intrudes on one of the most fundamental elements of property ownership—the right to exclude.”
- Three justices in the Court’s liberal minority would have kept the moratorium in place due to the surge of the Delta variant.
Focus on Disbursing Rental Assistance
- A coalition of national real estate organizations – led by the National Apartment Association and the National Multifamily Housing Council, and including The Real Estate Roundtable – has consistently opposed the CDC’s eviction ban.
- The groups have called upon Congress to focus on disbursing billions in unspent sums of federal rental assistance appropriated in prior COVID-19 relief bills – instead of destabilizing rental markets with a nationwide eviction ban. (Roundtable Weekly, July 30).
- The latest figures released by the Treasury Department this week on the status of rent relief disbursements remain disheartening. While more funds are reaching tenants and landlords, only $5.1 billion out of a total $46.5 billion in Emergency Rental Assistance has been distributed by states and localities through the end of July. (AP, Aug. 25)
- Roundtable President and CEO Jeffrey DeBoer commented, “Federal, state, and local policymakers must act with urgency to ensure that tenants and housing providers in distress due to the pandemic receive the aid the Congress appropriated for them – and help bring stability to our housing markets.”
- States have had varying levels of success in getting federal rent assistance out the door. “Texas and Virginia have distributed the largest percentages of their allocated funding at around 34% and 41% respectively, while New York State hasn’t even doled out 1% of its federal rental assistance.” (U.S. News, Aug. 25).
- The Treasury Department has a website to help tenants and landlords find rental assistance programs in their local areas. The National Multifamily Housing Council (NMHC) also has an online hub that provides resources for renters and housing providers to access COVID-19 emergency relief.
While the Supreme Court’s ruling is the end point for litigation challenging the Biden Administration’s actions, progressives in Congress could attempt to re-impose the eviction ban via legislative enactment in the coming weeks.
Treasury Releases New Guidance for Emergency Rental Assistance; YIMBY Act Reintroduced
The Treasury Department on May 7 issued new guidance for local municipalities administering emergency rental assistance programs, with rules aimed at directly assisting more renters in less time. The rules simplify applications for aid, expand covered costs such as moving expenses and hotel stays, and require programs to help tenants directly even if their housing providers choose not to participate. (New York Times, May 7)
Distribution Challenges
- Congress approved $25 billion of emergency rental assistance in December 2020 under the Consolidated Appropriations Act. An additional $21.6 billion was allocated in March 2021 under the American Rescue Plan Act. The Treasury Department ‘s May 7 announcement releasing the second allocation was accompanied by its new guidance. (National Multifamily Housing Council, May 10)
- State and local authorities have been overwhelmed with how to allocate the influx of funds, leaving many tenants and housing providers waiting weeks or months for the assistance. (Washington Post, April 8 and Wall Street Journal, April 13)
- The nine “enhanced policies” from Treasury aim to ensure that states and localities can move quickly to address the housing affordability crisis wrought by the pandemic. (Treasury’s May 7 Fact Sheet and FAQs on Emergency Rental Assistance)
- The new guidance comes days after a federal judge overturned the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) eviction moratorium, which is scheduled to expire June 30. Judge Dabney L. Friedrich of the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia also issued an order on May 5 that temporarily allows the moratorium to continue while she considers an emergency appeal by the Biden Administration. (Roundtable Weekly, May 7)
Rental Assistance Support
- The Roundtable is part of a broad real estate coalition that recently urged state, county and municipal officials to distribute the allocated federal funds as soon as possible. (Coalition letter, April 15)
- The coalition letter emphasized the need “to quickly and fully allocate available American Rescue Plan federal funds to provide assistance to renters, consumer-facing small businesses, and impacted industries such as retail, tourism, travel, and hospitality that are having trouble paying rents, mortgages or remaining viable enterprises due to the COVID-19 pandemic.”
YIMBY Reintroduced
- The bipartisan “Yes In My Backyard (YIMBY) Act” was reintroduced on May 13 in the House by Reps. Trey Hollingsworth (R-IN) and Derek Kilmer (D-WA).
- The bill would require local governments applying for federal housing development funds through the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program to report whether they have enacted policies to reduce counterproductive regulations that may affect affordability. (Hollingsworth news release and text of the bill)
- The Real Estate Roundtable is one of many organizations that have endorsed YIMBY, which passed the House last year but stalled in the Senate. The Roundtable also urged support for the YIMBY Act in comments filed with HUD in January 2020. (Roundtable Weekly, March 6, 2020)
- A Senate YIMBY companion bill was also introduced May 13 by Sens Todd Young (R-IN) and Brian Schatz (D-HI).
- “Discriminatory local zoning and land use policies drive up housing costs in communities across America,” said Sen. Young. “These policies exacerbate the housing affordability crisis and stifle the ability of Americans to move to areas of opportunity. My legislation will require cities, towns, and rural areas across America to face this reality under a new level of transparency and encourage them to cut these harmful regulations.” (Sen. Young news release, May 13)
- “The YIMBY Act complements the many pro-housing proposals currently before Congress,” said Mike Kingsella, Executive Director of Up for Growth Action. “The YIMBY Act will empower communities across the country to clear the path for housing that is more affordable, equitable, and sustainable.” (Up for Growth’s YIMBY Fact Sheet)
The Roundtable and its coalition partners will continue to urge lawmakers to pass the YIMBY Act and similar legislation that eases burdensome rules that inhibit affordable housing development.
# # #