Tag: Like-Kind Exchanges (LKEs)

The Roundtable Shares 2025 Tax Legislative Agenda with Lawmakers

Posted on by Trey Jackson

Responding to a request for input from the chairs of the House Ways and Means Committee and Ways and Means Tax Policy Subcommittee, The Real Estate Roundtable submitted comments on the pending expiration of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 and ways in which tax policy can support long-term investment, economic stability, and the creation of affordable housing. (Letter, Oct. 2)

Roundtable Recommendations

The letter from Roundtable President and CEO Jeffrey DeBoer urges lawmakers to ensure that any major tax legislation in 2025 retain or include:

  • The reduced tax rate on long-term capital gains. The capital gains rate is critical for driving long-term real estate investment and fostering job creation. Raising capital gains rates, taxing unrealized gains, or double-taxing gains at death would deter entrepreneurship, increase costs, and reduce economic mobility.
  • Tax fairness for partnerships and pass-through entities. Half of the nation’s tax partnerships are real estate-related, making these provisions vital to the industry’s success.  Section 199A, which provides a 20% deduction on pass-through business income (including REIT dividend income), allows privately held businesses to compete on a level playing field with large corporations.
  • Like-kind exchanges. Section 1031 allows for the deferral of capital gains through real estate exchanges and helps gets languishing properties into the hands of new owners who will invest in, and improve, them.  Retaining section 1031 is vital to promoting reinvestment in communities, creating opportunities for minority and small business owners, and improving struggling properties.
  • Tax rules that encourage, rather than deter, foreign investment in U.S. real estate. Targeted changes to the outdated and discriminatory Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act (FIRPTA) could unlock capital for large-scale real estate and infrastructure projects that create jobs and spur economic development.
  • Incentives for affordable housing, energy efficiency, and community revitalization. The Roundtable supports expanding the low-income housing tax credit (LIHTC), improving the real estate-related clean energy tax provisions in the Inflation Reduction Act, and introducing new incentives for the conversion of obsolete commercial buildings into affordable housing. The letter also calls for a long-term extension of Opportunity Zone (OZ) tax incentives and preserving carried interest tax rules that recognize and reward sweat equity with capital gains treatment.

The Roundtable is committed to working with lawmakers to ensure the U.S. maintains a competitive tax code that encourages capital formation, rewards entrepreneurial risk-taking, and supports critical policy objectives, including accessible and affordable housing and safe and healthy communities.

Broad Coalition Urges Congressional Tax Writers to Support Like-Kind Exchange Rules

Posted on by Trey Jackson

This week, The Real Estate Roundtable and 35 other national business organizations urged leaders of the Senate and House tax-writing committees to preserve long-standing tax rules governing like-kind exchanges (LKEs). The April 10 letter encouraged policymakers to reject proposals, such as those in President Biden’s budget, to restrict the use of LKEs. (Coalition letter, April 10)

Value of LKEs

  • The letter, sent to the chairs and ranking members of the House Ways and Means and Senate Finance Committees, details the importance of LKEs to the health, recovery, and realignment of U.S. commercial real estate in the post-pandemic economy.  
  • Exchanges have helped offset reduced transaction activity associated with high interest rates and other sources of economic uncertainty.  Without LKEs, many properties would languish—underutilized and underinvested—because of the tax burden that would apply to an outright sale.   
  • The letter notes how LKEs increase economic mobility for cash-poor small business owners, farmers, and entrepreneurs—including minorities, women, and veterans—while contributing to environmental conservation efforts, housing affordability, and redevelopment in economically struggling cities and towns.

Widespread Use

  • Academic and other economic research has repeatedly demonstrated the positive economic contribution of LKE. Research by Professors David Ling (University of Florida) and Milena Petrova (Syracuse University) estimates that 10 to 20 percent of commercial real estate transactions involve a like-kind exchange. 
  • A recent Marcus & Millichap analysis demonstrates the value of LKEs to the health and financing of the commercial real estate industry, particularly during market corrections and liquidity shortages. (Roundtable Weekly, Dec. 1, 2023)

House Tax Hearings

  • Separately, congressional hearings in the House this week considered tax provisions scheduled to expire at the end of 2025 that were enacted in the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA).
  • During an April 11 House Ways and Means Committee hearing, Chairman Jason Smith (R-MO) stated, “With the expiration of the 199A small business deduction, we will see even more ‘closed for business’ signs up and down Main street when their federal tax rate jumps to over 40 percent.”
  • Chairman Smith added that strong bipartisan support for key TCJA provisions exists in the House after passage earlier this year of the Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act (H.R. 7024) by a vote of 357-70. (Roundtable Weekly, Feb. 2)

The $79 billion tax package passed by the House includes Roundtable-supported measures on business interest deductibility, bonus depreciation, and the low-income housing tax credit (LIHTC), but continues to face hurdles in the Senate. The Roundtable and 21 other industry organizations that comprise the Housing Affordability Coalition urged the Senate on Feb. 15 to pass the tax package.

New Analysis Highlights Importance of Like-Kind Exchanges in Current Market Environment

Posted on by Trey Jackson

A new analysis by Marcus & Millichap demonstrates how like-kind exchanges are fundamental to the health and financing of the commercial real estate industry, particularly during market corrections and liquidity shortages. (Marcus & Millichap – The Importance of Like-Kind Exchanges During Periods of Reduced Commercial Real Estate Market Liquidity, 2023).

Key Findings

  • Commercial real estate transaction volume is down, but like-kind exchanges are up.  Despite a general decline in commercial real estate transactions, the number of 1031 exchanges initiated has increased nearly 15% from 17,467 in the first half of 2019 to 20,070 in the first half of 2023.
  • The analysis attributes the general decline in commercial real estate transactions in the first half of 2023 to the rise in interest rates, stricter lender underwriting, a diminished economic outlook, and a broad spectrum of geopolitical challenges.
  • “The 15% rise in the number of exchanges initiated, when commercial real estate transaction count fell by 22.1%, underscores the importance of like-kind exchanges in periods of reduced commercial real estate market activity.” (Marcus & Millichap)
  • The liquidity generated through LKEs serves as a deterrent against commercial property defaults, consequently reducing risks in the banking and financial systems that could otherwise pose a threat to the broader economy.
  • The Marcus & Millichap analysis draws on data collected by the largest like-kind exchange qualified intermediaries in the country and aggregated by the Federation of Exchange Accommodators, a member of The Real Estate Roundtable’s President’s Council.

The Roundtable’s Tax Policy Advisory Committee (TPAC) will continue working to raise awareness of the role that like-kind exchanges play in supporting the health of the US economy and the stability of real estate markets.

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Administration Unsuccessfully Seeks to Add Like-Kind Exchange Restrictions to Debt Ceiling Talks

Posted on by Trey Jackson
LKE form 8824 held by business person

President Joe Biden and House Speaker Kevin McCarthy (R-CA) signaled progress this week on debt limit and federal spending talks after they assigned teams of negotiators to bang out an agreement before a looming national default “x-date” is reached in June. (BGov and CQ, May 18)

LKE Restrictions Rejected

  • One cost-cutting measure proposed by the administration’s team, and rejected by Republicans, would have imposed limitations on the use of Section 1031 like-kind exchanges. (Washington Post, May 15)
  • President Biden has consistently proposed limiting the use of LKEs, most recently as part of his FY2024 budget proposal submitted earlier this year. (Roundtable Weekly, March 10)
  • “The administration’s proposal to severely limit the use of section 1031 would destroy jobs, lock properties into unproductive uses at a time when a realignment of real estate assets is needed, harm housing supply, and end a mechanism used by environmental groups to conserve land and natural spaces,’ said Real Estate Roundtable President and CEO Jeffrey DeBoer.
  • “It is an idea that has been debated by Congress numerous times and always rejected, most recently in a unanimous vote on the Senate floor,” DeBoer continued. “Perhaps most importantly, the proposal would eliminate one of the only real estate market liquidity tools available at a time when credit markets and banks are tightening, as they are today.”
  • Academic and other economic research has repeatedly demonstrated the positive economic contribution of LKEs and their importance to the US economy. (Roundtable Weekly, July 1, 2022 and EY report—“Economic Contribution of the Like-Kind Exchange Rules to the US economy in 2021: An Update”)

Looming Deadline

US Capitol
  • President Biden and Speaker McCarthy assigned five Washington insiders on May 16 to the immense negotiation task, in hopes that an “agreement in principle” can be reached this weekend, which would allow the House and Senate to vote before June 1. (The Hill and BGov, May 17 | Associated Press, May 18)
  • “I’m confident that we’ll get the agreement on the budget and America will not default,” Biden said before departing this week for a meeting of world leaders at the G-7 annual summit in Japan. (CBS News, May 17)
  • McCarthy said yesterday, “I see the path that we can come to an agreement. And I think we have a structure now and everybody’s working hard.” (Politico, May 18)

House Democrats this week began preparing an emergency “discharge petition” to raise the debt ceiling if negotiators are unable to reach an agreement, though its odds of passing are uncertain. (Wall Street Journal, May 17)

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President Biden’s FY2024 Budget Aims to Raise Taxes on Real Estate, Capital Formation, and Investment

Posted on by Trey Jackson

FY2023 Budget Cover

The Biden administration yesterday proposed a $6.9 trillion FY2024 budget that includes $3 trillion in deficit reduction and $2.2 trillion in tax increases over the next decade on corporations, high-earning households, and certain business activities, including real estate investment. (White House budget materials and Treasury Department news release)

Blueprint for Negotiations

  • Real Estate Roundtable President and CEO Jeffrey DeBoer said, “Congress has rejected several of these same tax proposals in the past. In particular, Congress has said no to proposals to double the capital gains rate, tax gains reinvested in property of a like-kind, or taxing unrealized gains. We will strongly urge that these counter-productive proposals again be rejected. They have weak policy support, are poorly timed and quite risky given the current uncertain economy.”
  •  Of note for real estate:
    • Capital Gains Rate
      The top, combined tax rate on long-term capital gains would nearly double from 23.8% (20% + 3.8% net investment income tax) to 44.6%. This results from increasing the maximum capital gains rate from 20% to 39.6% and a new proposal to increase the net investment income tax from 3.8% to 5%.
    • Mark-to-Market Tax on Unrealized Capital Gains
      The FY 2024 budget carries over President Biden’s proposal from last year, imposing a retroactive, annual minimum tax of 25% on the income and unrealized gains of taxpayers with wealth (assets minus liabilities) exceeding $100M.
    • Real Estate Professionals
      The budget also carries over a proposal to extend the 3.8% net investment income tax to real estate professionals and other pass-through business owners who are currently exempt from the tax because they are active in their business.

Tax ProposalsChicago cityscape sky view

  • Other real estate-related tax proposals include:
    • Taxing carried interest as ordinary income
    • Limiting the deferral of gain from like-kind exchanges
    • Increasing the top tax rate on ordinary income to $39.6%
    • Ending step-up in basis and taxing unrealized capital gains at death
    • Expanding the limitation on excess business losses for non-corporate taxpayers by converting the limitation from a 1-year deferral to a permanent compartmentalization of active pass-through losses
    • Modifying tax rules for grantor retained annuity trusts (GRATs) and grantor trusts
    • Recapturing and taxing real estate depreciation deductions at ordinary income tax rates
  • The budget also devotes $59 billion to provisions aimed at increasing the supply and availability of affordable housing, as well as $10 billion “to incentivize State, local, and regional jurisdictions to make progress in removing barriers to affordable housing developments, such as restrictive zoning.” Tax incentives in the budget include an expansion of the low-income housing tax credit (LIHTC) and a new tax credit for the development of affordable, owner-occupied housing.

These tax issues and other policies affecting CRE will be discussed during The Roundtable’s Spring Meeting on April 24-25 in Washington.

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New Research Details Trends in Like-Kind Exchanges and Impact on US Economy

Posted on by Trey Jackson

TPAC during Annual Mtg 2022

New research highlights emerging trends related to real estate like-kind exchanges (LKEs) and their growing importance to the US economy. The report by EY economist and former Treasury Deputy Assistant Secretary for Tax Analysis Robert Carroll was presented to The Real Estate Roundtable’s Tax Policy Advisory Committee (TPAC), above, on June 17. EY partnered with the Real Estate Like-Kind Exchange Coalition, which includes The Roundtable, to produce the updated LKE report with 2021 data. (TPAC slide presentation, June 17)

LKE Data and Trends

EY LKE presentation to TPAC 2022

  • LKEs under section 1031 of the tax code allow businesses to defer capital gains tax on the disposition of real estate if the gain is used to acquire replacement property of like kind within six months.
  • The EY report—“Economic Contribution of the Like-Kind Exchange Rules to the US economy in 2021: An Update”—updates EY’s prior research that used LKE data from 2019.
  • The survey found that the dollar volume of like-kind exchange activity and number of transactions increased by 70% between 2019 and 2021. The increase was identified by a survey of qualified intermediaries as the US economy recovered from the COVID recession.
  • According to the author, the increase in LKE activity “is likely due, in part, to the transition of many qualified real property assets to new or modified uses to meet post-pandemic business models and tenant needs, a trend that may continue, at least to some degree, for the next several years.”

LKE Economic Impact

EY LKE updated data 2021

  • The EY report estimates the impact of like-kind exchange rules on the cost of capital and assesses the likely impact of section 1031 on investment decisions and investment levels. EY’s significant findings include:
    • Job growth and labor income
      Overall, economic activity generated by Section 1031 exchanges in 2021 supported 976,000 jobs and $48.6 billion of labor income.
    • Gross Domestic Product
      Like-kind exchanges generated $97.4 billion in value added in the United States in 2021. “Value added” measures a sector’s or industry’s contribution to the production of final goods and services.
    • Federal, state, and local tax revenue
      Taxpayers engaged in like-kind exchanges—along with suppliers and related consumer spending—were estimated to generate approximately $13.1 billion in federal, state, and local taxes during 2021.
  • The EY research builds on the groundbreaking academic research on LKEs commissioned by The Roundtable and other members of the Real Estate Like-Kind Exchange Coalition at the height of the tax reform debate. This work by Professors David Ling (Univ. Fla.) and Milena Petrova (Syracuse U.) was subsequently published in 2020 in the peer-reviewed Journal of Real Estate Literature here and here.

The Roundtable’s Tax Policy Advisory Committee (TPAC) will continue working to raise awareness of the role that like-kind exchanges play in supporting the health of the US economy and the stability of real estate markets.

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Biden Administration Submits FY2023 Budget to Congress, Proposes Tax and Other Measures Impacting Real Estate

Posted on by Trey Jackson

Budget FY23 visual

The Biden administration on Monday released its $5.8 trillion FY2023 Budget, a package of spending, tax, and policy proposals that will face extensive congressional scrutiny and revisions over the coming months. The March 28 budget was accompanied by the Treasury Department’s “Greenbook,” which details the Administration’s $2.5 trillion in tax increases on corporations, high-earning households, and certain business activities, including real estate investment. (New York Times and BGov, March 29) 

Billionaire Minimum Income Tax 

  • The new budget proposes to tax the wealthiest households on their unrealized capital gains, including real estate. The so-called “Billionaire minimum income tax” would impose a minimum levy of 20 percent on a comprehensive tax base that includes both realized income and the unrealized annual appreciation of a taxpayer’s assets.
  • The new tax would apply to future appreciation of assets and all unrealized, built-in gains at the time of enactment. The tax on pre-enactment, built-in gains would be collected over a 9-year transition period.
  • Although marketed as a tax on “billionaires,” the proposal would apply to any taxpayer with $100 million or more in wealth. This initial high threshold arguably represents a first step towards a wealth tax regime with much broader application. The original income tax applied to the top 1/3 of one percent of the U.S. population and now applies to over 150 million American households.
  • In certain cases, holders of illiquid assets like real estate could elect to defer the minimum tax until the property is sold, provided they pay an additional charge.
  • The budget leaves many of the most difficult questions unanswered, including:
     

    • How would the tax survive a constitutional challenge on the grounds that direct taxes must be apportioned among the states by population?
    • Why would taxpayers continue to make patient, long-term investments, knowing that they could be taxed before the investment generates cash income?
    • Will much of the tax burden fall on noneconomic inflationary increases in asset values? 
    • How will the IRS administer the tax without building a highly intrusive compliance system that is based on subjective valuation measures?
  • Another new revenue proposal in the budget relates is to tax depreciation recapture at ordinary income rates. The provision generally would treat gain on real estate held for more than one year as ordinary income to the extent of cumulative depreciation deductions taken in tax years beginning after 2022. Depreciation recapture is currently taxed at a rate of 25 percent.

The White House with Washington Monument

  • The White House budget also includes tax proposals recycled from last year that failed to pass congressional budget negotiations, including:
    • repealing the deferral of gain from real estate like-kind exchanges;
    • taxing long-term capital gains at ordinary income rates;
    • taxing carried interest in real estate partnerships as ordinary income; and
    • treating transfers of property at death as realization events subject to capital gains tax.

Immediate Congressional Pushback

  • The spending and revenue proposals faced immediate pushback on Capitol Hill by Republicans and Democrats, including Sen. Joe Manchin (D-WV), a key centrist who stated he opposes President Biden’s 20% minimum tax on unrealized capital gains for households worth at least $100 million. (CQ News, March 29)
  • Manchin told The Hill, “You can’t tax something that’s not earned. Earned income is what we’re based on. Everybody has to pay their fair share, that’s for sure. But unrealized gains is not the way to do it, as far as I’m concerned.”
  • Manchin also recently stated he is open to negotiating some limited remnants of the defunct Build Back Better (BBB) Act, with a focus on energy-related incentives, prescription drug costs ,and deficit reduction. (Business Insider, March 24) 

Other Measures Directly Affecting Real Estate 

President Joe Biden

  • Biden budget proposals impacting other aspects of The Roundtable’s 2022 Policy Agenda include:
     

    • Energy and Climate – the president’s budget request outlines $44.9 billion for increased spending on several climate-related initiatives, yet does not address specific clean energy provisions that were part of last year’s BBB bill. Instead, a “deficit neutral reserve fund” is noted in the FY23 budget to accommodate a potential future deal on clean energy legislation with Democratic Sens. Joe Manchin (D-W.Va.) and Kyrsten Sinema (D-AZ). (E&E News, March 28 and Axios Generate, March 29)
    • Affordable Housing – the FY23 budget seeks to ease the nation’s affordable housing shortage with $50 billion in federal funding for housing construction and supply, including $35 billion for state and local housing finance agencies. (PoliticoPro, March 28)
    • SEC Reporting Requirements – The Securities and Exchange Commission would receive $2.15 billion in the FY2023 budget proposal, an 11.4% increase from FY2021 (BGOV, March 28). The SEC has ramped up its activity recently with proposed rules on reporting requirements for investment advisers, climate risks and cybersecurity incidents that may have significant impacts for the real estate industry. 

Issues outlined in The Roundtable’s recently released 2022 Policy Agenda in the areas of tax, climate, capital and credit and cybersecurity will be discussed during the April 25-26 Spring Meeting (Roundtable-level members only) in Washington DC. 

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Tax Proposals Under Scrutiny as Timetable Moves Up for Mammoth Reconciliation Bill

Posted on by Trey Jackson

The unanticipated commitment by Speaker Pelosi to allow a stand-alone vote on the bipartisan Senate infrastructure bill no later than September 27 has scrambled the Congressional calendar and put increased attention and focus on the potential for major tax changes.

Why It Matters

  • House Leaders are urging committees, including the powerful Ways and Means Committee, to complete their work on the $3.5 trillion budget reconciliation bill by September 15.  Ways and Means Chairman Richie Neal has indicated a formal mark-up could start the week of Sept. 6 and continue 4-5 days.  (E&E Daily, Aug. 25)
  • Accelerating the consideration of the $3.5 trillion reconciliation bill may allow its supporters and advocates to retain political momentum for the massive package of social safety net, environmental, tax, and other policies—momentum that could be lost once the infrastructure bill is sent to the President.
  • The shortened timetable, however, puts pressure on lawmakers who are considering complex changes to the tax code that would normally require hearings, extended debate, and substantial vetting.  

Industry Concerns

  • The Real Estate Roundtable has raised concerns regarding a number of proposals in the President’s plan that would raise the tax burden on capital formation, undermine property values and the functioning of real estate markets, and harm the industry’s ability to create jobs and support local communities through property tax revenue.  These proposals include restrictions on like-kind exchanges, an elimination of the reduced tax rate on capital gains, and the taxation of unrealized gains at death.
  • On Tuesday, the accounting industry expressed strong concerns with the President’s proposed changes to capital income. The letter noted that, “[t]he taxation of the capital gains on gift or death in many cases would be the third time that the gain is taxed.”  Imposing immediate tax on transfers by gift or death is an unreasonable requirement when the transfers are non-liquid assets such as real estate, business interests, etc., because it may require the forced liquidation of some or all of the assets transferred,” they continued.    
  • Last Friday, the Tax Foundation challenged the Administration’s claim that their tax proposals would spare 97 percent of small businesses.  The organization analyzed the most recent IRS data and concluded the President’s proposals would reach more than half of pass-through business income (because 54% of pass-through income is earned by taxpayers making more than $500,000).
  • At the same time, lawmakers are mobilizing to ensure that the $3.5 trillion bill includes priorities such as increased investment in affordable housing.  On Thursday, 111 House Democrats led by Reps. Suzan DelBene (D-WA) and Don Beyer (D-VA) wrote to Speaker Pelosi urging that the legislation include a significant expansion of the low-income housing tax credit.

Contact Congress

House Republicans Urge Biden Administration to Preserve Like-Kind Exchanges

Posted on by Trey Jackson

A group of 88 House Republicans, led by Rep. Randy Feenstra (R-IA), above, sent a letter to President Joe Biden on Aug. 3 urging him “not to damage the livelihood of farmers everywhere by repealing or changing like-kind exchanges.” ( Coalition letter and Feenstra news release)

Agriculture Sector Impact 

  • Like-kind exchanges (LKEs) allow real estate, farming, and other businesses to defer capital gain when exchanging real property used in a trade or business for property of a like kind. Like-kind exchanges also help businesses to grow organically, with less debt, by reinvesting gains on a tax-deferred basis in new and productive assets.
  • President Biden has proposed restricting the use of LKEs by limiting deferred gain in any one year to no more than $500,000 for single taxpayers and $1 million for married taxpayers. (Treasury Department’s Summary of Revenue Proposals, “Green Book” budget documents, and Roundtable Weekly, April 30)
  • The coalition of House policymakers emphasized in their Aug. 3 letter how LKEs allow farmers and other small business owners to improve their operations and invest in better income-producing properties. The letter noted that four out of five individuals who utilize these tax deferments are qualified as small investors by the IRS.
  • The letter stated, “For the agricultural community, a cap on like-kind exchanges would limit farmers’ ability to improve their operations through combining acreage, purchasing more productive land, and mitigating environmental impacts. Further, capping like­kind exchanges could make it more difficult to restructure businesses so that young or beginning farmers can join operations. Retiring farmers could be prevented from using like-kind exchanges to exchange their farm or ranch for other real estate, allowing for the next generation to take over, without depleting their life savings.”
  • The 88 policymakers also commented how the negative impact of the administration’s LKE proposal would radiate outward from individual farm owners and agricultural investors into the larger agricultural sector and the national economy at large. 

Roundtable’s Strong Support for LKEs 

  • On May 27, a broad business coalition that included The Real Estate Roundtable held a virtual briefing for members of Congress and their staff on the longstanding economic importance of LKEs – and detailed the potential negative unintended consequences of limiting section 1031. (Roundtable Weekly, May 28)
  • The briefing, moderated by Roundtable President and CEO Jeffrey DeBoer, included expert speakers and featured recent research into the macro-economic impact of LKEs. (See “The Tax and Economic Impacts of Section 1031 Like-Kind Exchanges in Real Estate” by Professor Milena Petrova and Dr. David Ling)
  • On May 18, The Roundtable and others submitted detailed comments to the Senate Finance and House Ways and Means Committees on like-kind exchanges and other pending tax issues. (Roundtable Weekly, May 21).  Additionally, in March, The Roundtable and 30 national real estate, housing, environmental, farming, ranching, and forestry organizations wrote to key policymakers to underscore the vital importance of real estate like-kind exchanges. (Roundtable Weekly, March 19)

The coalition “1031 Builds America” provides an online method for stakeholders to share their experiences with LKEs with members of Congress, and urge them to preserve Section 1031. 

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Congressional Briefing on Section 1031 Exchanges; ‘Stand with Cities’ Event Focuses on Economic Growth

Posted on by Trey Jackson

A broad business coalition that includes The Real Estate Roundtable held a virtual briefing this week on the economic importance of like-kind exchanges (LKEs) for members of Congress and their staff. Additionally, several Roundtable members focused on the future of urban areas and economic growth during a “Stand With Cities” webcast.

  • The May 27 briefing focused on the longstanding, positive role of like-kind exchanges in the economy and the potential negative unintended consequences of limiting section 1031. (View video of the briefing)
  • DeBoer said that as Washington policymakers consider whether and how to pay for infrastructure, clean energy, education, child care, housing and other policy goals,  various tax provisions are under consideration, including the Section 1031 exchanges. He also noted how LKEs have been used to finance economic development and support local communities for 100 years – the provision is nearly as old as the income tax itself. (Exeter, history of Section 1031)

LKE Examples & Data

  • Nadji described the practical uses of LKEs, which help small business, partnerships and family farms to reinvest profits—in this case, the capital gain earned in a real estate business or investment—on a tax-deferred basis so that a business can continue to grow. He noted that if the exchanges are restricted, it would stifle transactions and hamper the marketplace.
  • Mayor Chirico gave real-world examples of how like-kind exchanges have provided an essential tool for attracting economic investment to his community. He stated that because of 1031, Naperville was able to secure a Costco store, which has produced jobs and as much sales tax revenue as their entire downtown business district. “The halo effect of all the Mom and Pop businesses that have now occupied vacant spaces in that very worn-out and distressed area that we once had – it has now been transformed, and it happened during the pandemic,” Chirico said.
  • Professor Petrova addressed her extensive research into the macro-economic impact of LKEs with Dr. David Ling. In their recent study, “The Tax and Economic Impacts of Section 1031 Like-Kind Exchanges in Real Estate,” data shows how LKEs have helped preserve capital, allowed investors to upgrade their portfolios and make capital improvements.
  • Petrova’s research also demonstrates how elimination of LKEs would likely lead to a decrease in CRE prices, less investment in real estate, greater use of leverage and a decrease in liquidity.
  • Dr. Carroll discussed his recent study on the “ Economic contribution of the like-kind exchange rules to the US economy in 2021.” His key results focused on the positive economic activity supported by LKEs; employment supported by the exchanges, listed by industry; and taxes paid by and related to businesses that make use of Section 1031.

Stand With Cities

Like-Kind exchanges and economic growth proposals under consideration by Washington policymakers will be a focus of discussion during The Roundtable’s June 15-16 Annual Business Meeting and Policy Advisory Committees Meetings (all remote).

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